Well Site Reports
It is vitally important that the operation process is fully recorded and documented in a consistent format, therefore, standard feed-back or report forms with relevant filling instructions for ensuring a consistent and homogeneous method will be used in technical data reporting of world wide activities. It will be the responsibility of the ENI-AGIP and Affiliates Drilling And Completion Supervisor to ensure the correct filling in and forwarding of the appropriate forms reports to the Company...
Bop Stack Equipment
Floating drilling rigs may be equipped with either a 'one stack' or a 'two stack' BOP system. The two stack system is a combination of a 2,000 or 3,000psi large bore stack and a 5,000, 10,000 or 15,000psi stack. A one stack system is either a 10,000 or 15,000psi system. The following list gives the common sizes and various configurations 183 4 - 10,000 and 15,000psi WP 163 4 - 10,000 and 15,000psi WP 135 s - 5,000, 10,000 and 15,000psi WP 4 rams and 2 annulars 4 rams and 1 annular 3 rams and 1...
Drilling Hole
1 Run a 17 2 bit and BHA. Drill out the 20 float collar, cement, casing shoe and wash down to the rat hole TD. If it is planned to drill a long section, install a well head bore hole protector into the base flange. 2 Drill 5m 15ft of new hole, condition the mud and perform a leak off test Refer to section 11 . 3 Resume drilling with the 17 2 bit using the proper BHA for either a vertical or deviated hole Refer to section 8.1 . 4 Drill the 17 2 hole down to KOP if in a deviated hole phase and...
Drilling Hole 1
1 Run a 12 4 bit and BHA. Drill out the 17 2 float collar, cement, casing shoe and wash down to the rat hole TD. If it is planned to drill a long section, install a wellhead bore hole protector into the first casing spool. 2 Drill 5m 15ft of new hole, condition the mud and perform a leak off test Refer to section 11 . 3 Resume drilling with the 12 4 bit using the proper BHA for a vertical or deviated hole. 4 Drill the 12 4 hole down to KOP and, if in a deviated hole phase, change the BHA for...
Casing Check List
Within a reasonable time prior to the beginning of the casing operation, the Company Drilling and Completion Supervisor and the Drilling Contractor's Toolpusher shall physically check the availability on the rig of all materials necessary to operations. The following check list may be used as a guideline. a Casing joints, enough for planned depth with 5-10 excess or a min. of 10 joints. b Float equipment float shoe, float collar, stage collar back-up are recommended . e Solvent to clean casing...
CASING SPOOL FLANGE Mrt
CASING SPOOL 21 1 4 x 5K - 13 5 8 x 10K
STAPPM Hop
Squnch Joint Quick Thread Connector Figure 4.C - Squnch Joints and Quick Connectors Table 4.E - RL-4 Rapid Lock Conductor Connector Standard Specifications Table 4.E - RL-4 Rapid Lock Conductor Connector Standard Specifications
Preventive Measures
When conditions for a potential differential sticking are encountered, the risk can be minimised by applying the following procedure 1 Reduce the mud weight as much as possible, maintaining the minimum differential pressure necessary for a safe trip margin. 2 Reduce the contact surface by using spiral type drill collars also called NWS No Wall Stick and using a properly stabilised bottom hole assembly. A shorter BHA with a greater number of HWDP could be considered. 3 Use mud with minimum...
Note The diverter system is not a blowout preventer and is not designed to hold
4 Drill the 26 hole down to the planned depth as per the Drilling Programme. 5 Begin drilling with an unweighted gelled mud with reduced parameters Q 1000l m, WOB 0-3 t, rpm 100-120 for the first two joints, then increase the pump rate as per the Drilling Programme. 6 At 26 hole TD, circulate a volume of mud equal to the capacity of the drilled section. 7 Perform a wiper trip to the 30 shoe and back to bottom again. Clean out any fill and circulate to condition the mud. 8 Take a directional...
Flow Checks
When required, a flow check shall be performed as follows 1 During a trip, remove the wiper rubber. 2 Pick up the drill string until the tool joint is in correct position above the rotary table and the BOP can be closed properly on the pipe body. 3 Stop the mud pumps piston and supercharged type . 4 Line up to the trip tank. Observe the trip tank indicator and visually check for flow observing the mud level in the annulus. 5 The duration of the test shall be at least 15 minutes or whatever time...
Logging While Drilling Lwd Considerations
Many factors must be considered to economically justify the use of LWD. The majority of cost savings are due to a rig time reduction associated with wireline operations, Conventional slick-line directional surveys and setup charges particularly for offshore wells . Improved rates of penetration ROP when better survey accuracy and real-time toolface data can be obtained Reduced risk of a lost well or BHA due to borehole instability High-profile exploratory wells where lwd is used for...
Taper Tap
1 Plan this operation taking into account the following factors The size of the taper tool should be selected in order to engage the fish with the middle of the tapered point. The taper taps do not allow free passage to the back-off tool. Excessive torque can damage the tapered thread and swell the top of the fish. It is nigh impossible to release the tool once engaged. For this reason its use has to be considered the last resort and only used after consultation with Eni-Agip Shore Base...
Subsea Pods
As already described, the pods contain the regulators and pilot valves required to direct the hydraulic fluid to the various stack functions. The retrievable type is the most commonly used by the industry. The retrievable male portion of the pod contains all the pod valves, regulators and the hose bundle junction box. Should a pod valve, regulator or hose bundle malfunction, it is quicker and, hence, less costly to retrieve the pod than to retrieve the riser and the lower marine riser package.
Landing The BOP Stack
1 Tension the guide lines for landing the BOP stack. 2 Run the TV camera or ROV. Focus on the lower extremities of the BOP stack. 3 Open the motion compensator. 4 Lower the BOP stack until the connector lands on the wellhead housing. Observe the landing with the TV. 5 Latch the connector. With the Motion Compensator make a pick up test of 50,000lbs 15t above the stack weight to verify the connector is correctly locked down. 6 Adjust the riser tensioners to full working tension as per the rig...
Location By Free Point Indicating Tool
a A Free Point survey shall be run to select the back-off point. b Free Point Indicators are essentially accurate strain gauges which measure molecular rearrangement between drag springs, setting dogs or electromagnets. c The tool is run on a logging cable through which measurements of torque and stretch are sent to surface read-out instruments. d The Free Point Indicator is lowered to various depths and, at each depth, tension and torque are applied to the string at the surface. The strain...
STAPPM Urf
Figure 12.E - Two-Stage Cement Job single plug system
Deepest Casing Shoe
Where there is an open hole below the deepest string of casing, a cement plug shall be placed in such a manner that it extends at least 50m above and below the casing shoe. The top of the cement plug shall be located and verified by mechanical loading. If the condition of the formation makes cementing difficult, a mechanical plug may be positioned in the lower part of the casing, but not more than 50m above the shoe and a cement plug at least 20m long shall be placed on top of the mechanical...
STAPPM Thv
When circulating gas cut mud and or bottoms up, the following data shall be recorded Mud weight Salinity Maximum gas Pit level The Mud Engineer shall check mud weight at the shakers and downstream of the degasser continuously when circulating gas cut mud and or bottoms up. Rheology shall be checked three times a day or more frequently if requested by Company Drilling and Completion Supervisor. Solids control shall be performed using the appropriate equipment, whenever needed. Maintain the right...
Fail Safe Valves
These valves are usually mounted in pairs on both the choke and kill lines. They are opened hydraulically from the surface 0.6galls of fluid is typically required but once the opening pressure is released, spring force automatically forces the gate valve closed. In deep water operations, the hydrostatic head of fluid in the opening line tends to open the valve. Some designs counter this be incorporating a system which transmits seawater hydrostatic pressure to an oil chamber on the spring side...
Tripping With A Top Drive
When using a top drive, the following points should be noted a Tripping is still handled in the conventional manner. The link tilt feature can be used to tilt the elevator to the derrick man, enhancing his ability to latch it around the pipe thus improving trip times. b The link tilt has an intermediate stop which is adjustable to set the elevator at a convenient working distance from the monkey board. The intermediate stop is tilted out of the way to allow the elevator to reach the mouse hole....
Measurement While Drilling MWD
Measurement While Drilling is a technique which takes various downhole measurements and transmitting these data to the surface for decoding and display. The most common transmission media is mud pulse telemetry in which the flowing column of drilling mud is modulated periodically by some mechanical means within the downhole assembly. The intermittent pressure pulses are transmitted from downhole to the surface where they are detected by a pressure transducer mounted in the standpipe. The...
Slips Installation
1 All slips, packing elements and ring joints and their seats should be thoroughly cleaned and lubricated. 2 Make sure the hinged slips and spring retaining rings are unlatched. 4 Be sure that the correct tension is applied to the casing string. 5 Clean and inspect the ID of the base flange, polishing out any burrs or scratchers. 6 Place two wooden boards of equal thickness across the base flange so that they straddle the casing. 7 Wrap the casing slips around the casing. Latch the hinged slips...
Conductor Pipe Connections
Conductor pipe joints installed on land rigs, are usually connected by welding bevelled prepared ends of the pipes together. This is a time consuming operation that requires an average of three hours per joint. On a Jack-up, to reduce the time of the operations and when it is practicable, driveable threaded quick connectors i.e. the RL-4 and driveable squnch joint connectors such as the Fast Realising Joint i.e. the ALT-2 , should be used. a A Squnch Joint Refer to figure 4.c is a threadless...
Choke And Kill Line Outlets
The two or more outlets on the stack are usually referred to as the choke and kill line outlets and is terminology taken from land drilling operations. For floating drilling the functions of each line are interchangeable since they are manifolded at the rig floor to both the rig pumps and the well control choke. For the position of the outlets on the stack, refer to the Eni-Agip Division and Affiliates Well Control Policy in the 'Well Control Policy Manual'.
Figure A Universal Transfer Of Mercator
As a Mercator projection becomes increasingly inaccurate as one moves away from the chosen meridian, a series of reference meridians is used so that it is always possible to use a map with the reference meridian close to the place of work. The reference meridians used are 6 degrees apart providing 60 maps, called zones, to cover the whole world. The zones are numbered 0 to 60 from west to east with zone 31 having the 0o meridian Greenwich on the left and 6o E on the right. Each zone is further...
Gyro Single Shot Surveys
Gyro single shot surveys are carried out on wireline. Since gyroscopes are delicate instruments, running speeds should be within that recommended and the tool stopped and started off gently. The gyro instrument has the same mule shoe feature as the magnetic single shot used for orientation and, although it uses a different system, the data obtained is the same, i.e. hole direction, inclination and tool face . The maximum depth to which they can be effectively run is approx. 1,300ft about 400m....
Installation Patterns For Mechanical Cementing Aids
The selection of the proper installation pattern for mechanical cementing aids i.e. centralises, scratchers, turbolisers, etc. is essential to optimise casing running and cementing results. Cementing aids and their installation pattern are a function of operational conditions and cementing objectives. Because of these variable factors, pattern philosophy is different from case to case. The Drilling Programme must specify type, quantity and installation pattern of mechanical cementing pieces,...
Post Plug Pattern
This pattern Refer to figure 12.b is recommended throughout the entire cement column to promote improved cement-to-formation bonding in strings where casing can be reciprocated in 30 to 40ft cycles. The post-plug pattern uses at least one centraliser per joint and free-to-move scratchers, separated by stop collars installed approximately 10ft 3m apart. The Modified Post-Plug pattern requires two centralisers per joint in conjunction with multiple scratchers and stop collars placed 5ft 1.5m...
Drilling With Oilbased Mud
The following issues should be considered when drilling with oil base muds a To avoid pollution, precautions shall be in place drains from the rig floor and shale shakers, cuttings treatment, etc. in order to avoid environmental spillage. b The safety of the crew shall always be paramount to prevent oil mud skin contact and accidents such as tripping, falling, hand crushing, etc. c Maintain the cleanliness of the rig. d Oil resistant equipment various pack-off, seals on mud pits, etc. must be...
Casing hanging after the second stage while Waiting On Cement WOC
When a cement job programme does not require the return of the slurry up to surface, the hanging is performed after the second stage cement slurry thickening time, then it is possible to disconnect the BOP stack maintaining annulus control. In deep wells, where the casing string must be cemented to surface, it may become difficult to work on the wellhead when the slurry is nearly hardened, for the following reasons The casing is often out of centre and it is difficult and time consuming to...
Drilling Ahead In HPHT Formations
The intention of this procedure is to maintain full pressure control during drilling operations and have the bit as close as possible to bottom in case a kick should occur. At the same time have the kelly valve close to the rotary table in order to carry out jobs which require a tool joint near the rotary table, e.g. installation of high pressure circulation lines, wireline lubricator, etc. 1 Make-up a kelly cock 15,000psi to the single in the mouse-hole. The valve is to be in the open...
Contractor Performance
There are two forms for the reporting of contractors performance. Report FB-01 is for reporting of malfunctions and failures in services and equipment. Report FB-02 is for documenting a contractors performance in relationship to the contract conditions. These should be completed giving an explanation of problems encountered and suggestions for performance improvement. Both of these forms must be completed in a timely manner at the end of the contractor's operations or at the end of the well,...
Gyrocompass North Seeking Gyroscope
These instruments use the principle of earth rate gyro compassing to define true azimuth and inclination in near vertical parts of the borehole. Then, as the hole builds angle to above 15o, it switches to a continuous integrating mode. This dual mode makes the tool accurate in either vertical and deviated borehole where it eliminates the inaccuracies that gyrocompass based instruments have at high latitude, high inclination or in the East West axis. The rugged construction makes these tools...
Accumulators
Accumulators are used to store hydraulic fluid under pressure. As much accumulator volume as possible is located on the subsea stack in order to reduce operating time and also to enable them to act as a surge chamber for the annular preventers. Surface accumulators are pre-charged with nitrogen to 1,000psi 70kg cm . Subsea accumulators should be precharged with nitrogen to 1,000psi 70kg cm2 45psi per 100ft 10.3kg cm2 per 100m of water depth to compensate for the hydrostatic head of sea water....
Top Drive Drilling Systems
The Top Drive Drilling System Refer to figure 4.h and figure 4.i consists of a drilling drive motor that connects directly to the top of the drill string. The motor, which provides the similar torques and speeds found in most independent rotary drive systems, is mounted to the rig's conventional swivel and is most commonly a DC drilling motor but hydraulic versions are also available. The drill pipe is rotated by the motor through reduction gearing. The swivel attaches to the travelling block...
Running The Bop And Riser
Before running the BOP stack check the weather forecast and refer to the 'Rig Operations' manual for the maximum vessel motion heave, roll and pitch for running BOP. Running procedures vary from rig to rig due to the specific design of the stack and to the handling system gantry cranes, fork lifts, trolleys, etc. used for moving the BOP in and out of the moonpool area. There are also a variety of ways to land the BOP stack. For this reason provision of detailed procedures is not possible...
STAPPM Vcv
Shell France Modified Thread Compound Jet-Lube Kopr-Kote made in UK 0,85 Jet-Lube TF-15 made in UK 0,90 Jet-Lube TF-25 made in UK 0,80 Jet-Lube TF-65 Pb made in UK 0,70 Jet-Lube TL-60 Z 15 made in UK 0,80 Research Laboratories API Modified HP 300 0,85 Shell HP API Modified Shell Oil Co. Code 72732 0,80 Shell HP API Modified Shell Canada Ltd Code 504-599 0,80 Techlube API Modified Thread Compound 0,70 Jet-Lube SS 30 made in UK 1,15 Bakerlok Thread Locking Compound 1,60 Gelokote T 7.285 Thread...
Cameron
The Cameron U-type preventers use a wedge-lock device Refer to figure 5.b to accomplish this feature. It consists of a tapered wedge, hydraulically operated, which moves behind the tail rod of the ram operating piston when the ram is in the closed position. Since it can only move when ram lock pressure is applied and the ram is fully closed, all the ram lock cylinders on the stack are connected to just two common control lines, lock and unlock. Ram lock pressure is activated from the surface as...
Casing Spool Installation
1 Clean the ring grooves on the bottom flange of casing spool and on the base flange, as well as the restricted packing bore of the casing spool. 2 Oil the secondary packing and the restricted packing bore of the casing spool. 3 Fill the void area with oil around the primary and secondary packing group. 4 Place the metal ring joint in its groove. 5 Align the bolt holes on the casing spool with the bolt holes on the base flange. 6 Lower the casing spool over the secondary packing assembly being...
Running Of Casing
1 Run and cement in the single or dual stage 7 casing Refer to the Casing Running and Cementing section 12 . Wait on cement. 2 Hang the 7 casing on the second intermediate casing spool giving it the additional tensile load calculated as per the 'Casing Design Manual' STAP P1M6110-8.3.4 , if required, and cut the 7 casing. 4 Nipple up the tubing spool and test it. 5 Re-install the BOP stack replacing the 5 lower pipe rams with 5 variables or 3 2 rams and test them as per the 'Well Control Policy...
Differential Sticking Causes
This phenomenon can occur, where there is case of high differential pressure between the mud hydrostatic pressure and the formation pore pressure. Some indications of pipe becoming differentially stuck may be The string becomes stuck in front of a porous formation. Pipe has not been moved for a period of time before getting stuck i.e. during a pipe connection. Circulation is free with no pressure variation. A normal amount of cuttings is observed at the shaker.
Horizontal Departure
Vertical Section The projection of the horizontal displacement onto a vertical plane usually along the target direction. Lead Angle When drilling with rotary drilling assemblies there is a tendency for the hole to 'walk to the right'. Turbine drilling assemblies have the opposite tendency, that is 'walk to the left'. The lead is the angle to be applied to the project direction at kick-off to correct the walking tendency of the drilling assemblies.
CASING SPOOL FLANGE Ure
CASING SPOOL 11 x 10K - 7 1 16 x 10K
Malfunction Failure Report
Drilling Completion Workover Duration Dates of Failure Distributed By Drilling amp Completions Company Man
RING JOINT R Ntu
VALVE 10000 Fl. 2 1 16 x 10000 NIPPLE 2 1 6 API x 1 2 NPT NIPPLE FIL. 2 3 8 EU x 1 2NPT COMPANION FLANGE 2 1 16 x 10K Thr 2 3 8 EU
FISHING PROCEDURES Overshot
1 Plan the operation taking into account the following factors The catching action of the tool will stress the fish neck in words. A regular, smooth shape of the fish neck is necessary for a successful operation. Jarring is only possible only using type SFS, FS and XFS overshots. If the fish diameter is near the maximum catch or size, a spiral grapple is recommended. On the other hand, if the fish diameter is considerably below the maximum catch size, a basket grapple is preferable. If the hole...
Steering Tool with mud motor
Steering tools use a system of magnetometers and accelerometers to measure the Earth's magnetic field and gravity in order to determine inclination and direction. The tool is run on a conductor wireline which provides power for the sensors and returns the signal to the surface computer where it is decoded and relayed to the rig floor read out. The tool may be operated on one of two modes displaying tool face with respect to North Magnetic Tool Face or relative to the high side of the hole...
Drill Pipe Fatigue
If a programme is designed in such a way that drill pipe damage is avoided, while drilling the hole, then the hole will be acceptable for conventional casing, tubing and production string designs, as far as dog-leg severity is concerned. A classic example of the severe dog-leg condition which produces fatigue failures in drill pipe can be seen in figure 8.a. The stress at point B is greater than the stress at point A but as the pipe is rotated, point A moves from the inside of the bend to the...
Slip Joint
The slip joint, or telescopic joint consists of an outer barrel connected to the riser with a polished steel inner barrel connected to the diverter ball joint. Rubber packing elements seal the annular space between the two barrels whilst still allowing the inner barrel to 'scope' up and down. The packing is usually actuated by air and or hydraulic fluid pressure which is adjusted so that a small amount of mud is able to leak past the seal to provide lubrication. Split packings are used so that...
Coring In Deviated Holes
In deviated holes certainly in angles over 20o , coring is more difficult because of the additional forces caused by the weight on bit, the weight of the core barrel and of the drill collars at such angles. These gravity forces will bend the drill collars and core barrel. As a result the inner barrel will also rotate and the bit will start to wobble. This again will result in poor recovery and unequal wear of the core head. Also the hole angle and direction could be affected. In order to...