Selection Of Shale Shakers
The first consideration in selecting a shale shaker is to decide whether or not a gumbo slide, or gumbo-removal device, will be needed. This is often necessary when drilling recent sediments. A scalping shaker must be considered next. Scalping shakers are usually needed when large quantities of drilled solids or gumbo reach the surface. Usually, long intervals of 17 y-in.-diameter holes, with flow rates above 1000 gpm, require scalping shakers in front of fine mesh screens see Chapter 7 . The...
Vibrating Systems
The type of molion imparled to the shaker depends on the location, orientation, and number of vibrators used. In all cases, the correct direction of rotation must be verified. Circular molion shakers use a single vibrator mounted at the shaker's center of gravity. Belt-driven vibrators and hydraulic-drive vibrators are used for this shaker design. Unbalanced elliptical motion shakers use a single vibrator mounted above the shaker's center of gravity. Integral vibrators, enclosed vibrators, and...
Nrms And Krm Model No Shale Shakers
NRM-1M-S or NRM-H5-S. MoJcl uni Mied J-hJe ihaL-cri IncJudt As filitidard cLj ii inlciit Siireen lien with 20 30 njesh r inleM sied ciath and tension nirmlwrt V-belt w'uti vihr tor iheive ne f cemIained, aL'ifi mounlid, tmld c lIrditle failli k IK Iwa-wiy anriet nnJ flow dijtrihiLt iij Sumt with L t i .il 1 MiS'iiiMTt for tltcfric m.M r, stt ,jm tu rliin or enijTnf. Domesti inrj Cn rrittlsn prie irr F. .B- deflgHUd point . E pe gt rt prictl Ar PJL Kl deJigmated peint , p e d for f. iwl. ICI AND...
Example Problems
Problem 1. Drilled cuttings are transported to the surface by the drilling fluid, however, the rate at which the cuttings are generated and the rate they arrive at the surface are not the same. This is caused by variations in annular flow patterns, mud temperature, cutting size and density, hole deviations, drilling methods, pipe and hole geometry, riser boost systems, and so forth, resulting in a different rate of cuttings being presented to the machines. Problem 2. In most cases, the hole...
Piping And Equipment Arrangement
The most common problem on drilling rigs is inadequate fluid routing, which allows drilling fluid to be processed through the equipment in a sequential manner. When a substantial amount of drilling fluid bypasses a piece of solids removal equipment, drilled solids cannot be removed. Many factors contribute to inadequate fluid routing including ill-advised manifolding of centrifugal pumps for hydrocyclone or mud cleaner operations, leaking valves, improper mud gun use in the removal section, and...
Hydrocyclone installation Tips
Hydrocyclones should be located so that underflow can be removed with a minimum of trouble and wash-down water. They should be located so they are accessible for maintenance and evaluation. Discharge overflow should return to the circulating system into a compartment immediately downstream of the suction compartment. At the same time, the discharge overflow compartment must be bottom equalized with the suction compartment and drilling fluid should backflow from the discharge tank into the...
Wkm Tubing Slips
feet, ami the newest and latest 12,000 feet. The origiuai flexible, one-man tubing slip is furnished in all sizes to 4 ,-iuch inclusive. Slips are forged steel throughout and spider is top - grade steel casting. Segments may be redressed any number of limes. Made in Regular type, for depths to 3000 feet, Dcepwcll type, for depths to 6000 Series 12,000, for depths to The latest advancement in rotary slips comes from the pioneer slip manufacturer in this improved design, thoroughly field tested...
Sand Separator Specifications
Overall Weight Overall Dimensions Construction Hydrocyclones Size Number Manilold Sand Shaker Screen Diameter Screen Mesh Motor HP Motor Voltage Motor Cycles Phase 7'5 high x6'0 long x 4'0 wide E poxy-coaled carbon stee 150 mesh. 200 mesh or finer lor special applicalions 2M gt , Explos on-proof 230 460 dual voltage 60 3 All specifications are subject to change without notice. The SWECO'' Sand Separator provides a practical solution to problems that have plagued the oil industry for years-the...
A Inch Hydrocyclone For Desilting Muds
This is the Picenco hydrocyclone design whose performance in the field led to the term desilting, and first eliminated wall-sticking, resulted in holes closer to gauge, increased drilling rates, and bit life, ctc. when properly rigged and with sufficient total removal equipment to operate in spray discharge. For many drilling rigs, a set of Picenco SILTMASTERS large enough to process slightly more than the total circulating rate will handle the solids load below good screens. However, they will...
Merco A Concentrator
The Merco A-24 Concentrator is a high speed centrifugal unit specifically designed for the concentration of weighting material in rotary drilling mud. In actual operation, it may be employed on a drilling well, or may be put to use on mud sumps. For either type of application, operation of the equipment is the sainc but the objective achieved will differ in this respect On a drilling well, the purpose of processing the mud through the A-24 is to maintain the mud in proper condition at all...
Carrying Capacity
One important component of a good solids management philosophy is the drilling fluid carrying capacity. As drilled solids sloughings and drill bit-generated enter the wellbore, they should be brought to the surface as soon as possible. If these drilled solids are tumbled and slowly brought to the surface, they have time to disintegrate and increase the low-gravity solids content of a drilling fluid. Suprisingly, drilled solids also affect the drilling fluid properties that control carrying...
Portable Liquid Mud Mixer
Baroid's Portable Liquid Mud Mixer provides an extra 100-barrel mild mixing capacity at the rig. It has been used in comballing lost circulation, in weighting up rapidly when unexpected formation pressures are encountered, and as a general auxiliary to rig mixing equipment. Power is supplied by a dicsel driven pump. The hydrnulically driven mixing propeller can be raised or lowered to any desired mixing li-vc-1. Dry and liquid material can be added directly to the mixing tank, or through a jel...
Drilling Fluid Costs
Drilling fluid density can be increased using drilled solids for the lowest initial weight-up cost. If drilled solids had no other effect, using them for a weighting agent would be cost-effective. However, using drilled solids could potentially increase drilling costs because slow drilling, poor cement jobs, stuck pipe, and lost circulation will frequently follow. Downtime on a rig or reduced penetration rates are far more expensive than the cost of using adequate weighting material. Removal of...
Centrifugal Pump Performance Curves
A pump is a machine that moves a given volume of liquid a given distance in a period of time. Pumps take energy from an external source motor, turbine, etc. and develop it in the form of discharge pressure or total dynamic head. A curve can be developed to measure a pump's performance. Tests to establish pump performance curves are run on clear, cold water with a specific gravity of 1.0, at 60 F. To establish a centrifugal pump performance curve, the pump is run in conjunction with a gauge, a...
Sequential Treatment
Solids control equipment should be arranged so that each piece removes successively finer solids as demonstrated in Figure 7-2. Although all the equipment in the following list may not be needed, the most common arrangements are Scalper shakers seldom needed a aaaaaaa a Gumbo is formed in the annulus from the adherence of sticky particles to each other. It is usually a wet, sticky mass of clay, but finely ground limestone can also act as gumbo. Enough gumbo can arrive at the surface to lift a...
Comparison And Analysis Of Shale Shaker Performance
Evaluation and comparison of two or more shale shakers, although seemingly a straightforward process, is difficult to accomplish and may yield false results. The process requires a methodical procedure, accurate sampling, and control of all variables involved in the analysis. Many reasons exist for analyzing shale shaker performance, ranging from legal analysis to objective comparison of different shakers. Regardless of Offset comparison combines information from more than one test to determine...
Dewatering Unit
More and more rigs are incorporating dewater-ing units in their drilling fluid treatment process. Dewatering units are designed to inhibit free liquid discard. The units can process drilling fluid from the active system or discard material from the solids removal equipment shakers, desanders, desilters, and centrifuges . Chemical pH adjustments, flocculants, and coagulants are added to the input stream of the dewatering unit. The solids are usually removed with a centrifuge. Colloidal-rich...
Shale Separator And Sample Machine
SPECIFICATIONS MODEL DW Lcn gt 1ii Ovtr Wilhll l-low Line Connection Above rn Flow Line Wti'cht Willi Sample Machine Aitachcl SPECIFICATIONS MODEL DW Lcn gt 1ii Ovtr Wilhll l-low Line Connection Above rn Flow Line Wti'cht Willi Sample Machine Aitachcl The new Thompson l W Model has been improved arid increased in size to iIil extent it is capablc oi handling the tlmv of drilling nunl from the largest mud pumps now in operation. The Power Wheel has been redesigned and increased in size for...
Info Vha
Other than cone and manifold plugging, improperly sized or operated centrifugal pumps are by far the greatest source of problems encountered with hydrocyclones. Centrifugal pump and piping sizes are critical to efficient hydrocyclone operation. Hydrocyclones should always have a pressure gauge installed on the inlet manifold to quickly determine if proper feed head is supplied by the centrifugal pump. Hydrocyclones are usually mounted in the vertical position but may be mounted horizontally....
Calculation Of Barite Discard
Assuming that all of the drilled and other low-gravity solids in the drilling fluid have a dried density of 2.47 gm cc and the barite has a density of 4.2 gm cc, the weight percent of barite in the dry sample may be calculated from the following mass-balance equation Density of _ Weight of Low Gravity Solids To determine the terms on the right side of the equation 1. The volume of barite is the density 4.2 gm cc divided by the weight of barite 2. The volume of low-gravity solids is the total...
Double Deck Shaker
Baroid's new Double Deck Shaker provides the latest advancement in the control of drilled solids. Two screens are employed, usually a 30 mcsli on top with an 80 mesh below. The unit employs a gyrating motion rattier than the simple shaking motion of regular shale shakers. This motion keeps the solid particles moving toward the discharge end and helps prevent plugging of the screens. Maximum capacity of the unit is 12 barrels of mud per minute. Recommended power supply is three-phase 220 volts,...
Other Factors of Centrifuge Performance
Pond depth is set by an adjustable weir and controls fluid residence time. Increased residence time increases separation at the expense of flow and processing capacity. For fine solids distribution, a deep pond at lower flow rates will yield higher separation efficiencies. For coarse solids, less separation efficiency is needed, and a shallower pond and higher flow rates may be desirable. This corresponds to shallow pond depths generally associated with upper-hole drilling and deeper pond...
Stokes Law
particles exit at the vortex. The D50 cut point of a solids separation device is defined as that particle size at which one-half of the weight of specific size particles go to the underflow and one-half of the weight go to the overflow. For example, a D30 cut point references a particle size which is 30 concentrated in the underflow and 70 in the overflow. As stated earlier, the cut point is related to the inside diameter of the hydrocyclone. For example, a 12-inch cone has a D50 cut point for...
Determine the Density of Drilled Solids
1. Select large pieces of drilled solids from the shale shaker and wash with the liquid phase of the drilling fluid use water for water-based drilling fluid, oil for oil-based drilling fluid, or synthetics for synthetic drilling fluid 2. Grind the drilled solids and dry in an oven or retort 3. Weigh the assembled, dry pycnometer 4. Add the dry drilled solids to the pycnometer and weigh 5. Add water to the drilled solids in the pycnometer, pressurize, and weigh 6. Determine the water temperature...
Index To Archival Composite Catalog Pages
INDEX TO ARCHIVAL COMPOSITE CATALOG PAGES continued Baroid Division National Lead Company Baroid Division National Lead Company Reprint from The Oil Weekly, October 17, 1930. Vibrating screen in kji at General Petroleum Corporation's Moco 2I8B in the Maricopa Flat district Vibrating Screen Gleans VIud VIakes Big Saving THE use 01 a special type of vibrating screen o remove sand, shales and foreign matter from rotary drilling mud has proven a very satisfactory innovation at General Petroleum...
Mud Cleaners
Until the development of linear motion shale shakers, an 80-mesh screen was about the finest screen that could process drilling fluid at a rig. With this limitation, drilled solids smaller than 177 microns remained in the drilling fluid. The mud cleaner was originally designed to remove drilled solids from a weighted drilling fluid in sizes ranging from 177 to 74 microns 200 to 80 mesh . Because barite is generally ground so that the majority is smaller than 74 microns, most of it should pass...
SHAKERS Lih
Drilling fluid was used in the mid-1800s in cable tool percussion drilling to suspend the cuttings until bailed from the drilled hole.1 With the advent of rotary drilling in the water well-drilling industry, drilling fluid was well understood to cool the drill bit and to suspend drilled cuttings for removal from the wellbore. Clays were being added to the drilling fluid by the 1890s and by the time Spindletop was discovered in 1901, it was considered necessary to have suspended solids clays in...
Baroid Division National Lead
The list of Baroid Liquid Mud Plan is growing almost daily as the demand for this popular service increases. Each plant has storage and mixing facilities for any drilling or completion fluid specified. Such fluids include conventional water muds water muds modified lo operator's specifications oil muds prepared to specifications for drilling, fish ing, setting casing, perforating, grave parking and coring. They also include brine fluids, gum fluid , completion and packer fluids. For he fluids...
Determine volume of Pycnometer
1. Weigh the pycnometer assembled 3. Determine the water temperature 4. Reassemble the pycnometer and pressurize 5. Weigh the pycnometer filled with pressurized water 6. Determine the density of water using a density temperature water table 7. Subtract the pycnometer weight from the weight of the pycnometer filled with water to determine the weight of water in the pycnometer 8. Divide the weight of water in the pycnometer by the density of water to determine the volume of the pycnometer pf 1.0...
Gallons Peh Mim Ute
rmct tnuef tr Qm baitam h tiranlmi icato int mo up mtia to . rai-SB DC1 o' Alud kV pnf nm wifft dfQQMl ' p. I T 'Ig icftn Tfif lartc'KT fofrpol t fru wi la hon t mn'0 'J Qflm Of tfi rtiiKtl i il iv r ,nutm Po n mpeionrvtlo rt w ittm lof MCft 1 mpc mlor _.'andt developed these specifically for drilling rigs. They can be positioned to disperse dangerous gases or fumes or bothersome insects. TIil-v increase personnel comfort in land and offshore areas. Heavy duty guards meet OS HA specifications...
Conclusions
Hydrocyclones are simple, easily maintained mechanical devices without moving parts. Separation is accomplished by transfer of kinetic input, or feed energy, into the centrifugal force inside the cone. The centrifugal force acts on the drilling fluid slurry to rapidly separate drilled solids and other solid particles in accordance with Stokes' Law. The solids generated while drilling in some formations are too fine for shale shakers to remove. Partially plugged feed inlet or outlet remove cone...
Gulf Engineers Bug Blower
ifi t Rlnde fast Aluminum. 1' , Safety Mesh Kxpandcd Metal, welded to I'm me. lull I'.rtjririeers Turlmdrive. 7II.P. at 1200 r.p.tri. Maximum Steam Prcssitre 5. gt 0 lbs. Shipping t. . 00 lbs. INC 1,111 . ti I-I . Li- I irtUi InTlit I.fll.lli,-. L w ili-il ihn I. , . h I v fiT .Ml Ki-lrtfil ItMt Screen it. r LUltVlttC I T i - - 1 ' Mti'l l'nil II lu i ji t- -, -,j 1imilh . I r WITH irrl m mum , I --- I-. - . ., -t.- .i, ., i I- I ' H I . I - ii I I-' I ' I . L Il ILK M Uta, lt . LVIT1I I .' '1'...
Baroid Sales Company
837 JACKBON STREET LOS ANGELES, CALIF. i Complete Drilling Mud, Service uiin ',iii CcimiiL Sal Lgatr Prodiicr Corp. jYd n C-mvi --j i y Mid-Continent Co. UridgrjiDTl Mnr liie Co. ftil Wall Supply Co. V.- lt a SUPPI Co. DI Well LajtiBrcriiiif Co Lid. BAROID Extra-Heavy Colloidal DrillinK Mud AQUAGEL 'Trouble-Proof Colloidal Drilling Mud LEMCO MUD SCREEN For Removing Cuttings and Abrasive Material From Drilling Mud STABILITY A Chemical Mud Thinner. VISCO Petroleum Emulsion Breaker, BAROID Extra...
Calculating Drilled Solids Concentrations
Drilled solids concentration in a slurry drilling fluid or discharge from solids control equipment may be determined from the following equation where pB Density of high-gravity solids barite is 4.2 gm cc plg Density of low-gravity solids Vlg Volume percent of low-gravity solids pf Density of filtrate Vs Volume percent of undissolved solids MW Mud weight, ppg For freshwater drilling fluid, assuming the density of the drilled solids is 2.6 gm cc, the density of the barite is 4.2 gm cc, and the...
Dilution
Dilution is the surface addition of base fluid to the drilling fluid system. This addition has the effect of reducing the concentration of all other components or constituents of the drilling fluid. Although the shale shaker frequently removes a larger fraction of drilled solids, it should be regarded as only one component of solids removal equipment in a drilling fluid processing system. In addition to solids removal equipment, the detrimental effect of drilled solids can be reduced with...
Linkbelt Vibrating Rotary Mud Screen
Uniform Weight of Mud Made in Two Sizes, 48 x 60 and 24 x 48, for Shallow, Medium and Deep Well Drilling. Mud cleaned willi the I.ink-Belt vibrating screen Makes a better and smoother wall, and lessens the likelihood of cave-ins and will help to drill a straight bole. Lengthens the life of pump parts, swivels, drill pipe, rotary hose and stand pipe connections. Also bits and reamers. Permits better control of gas pressures. Should a blowout develop, I lie clean mud always, available in the pit...
Gm Power Unit For Centrifuge
Inquire for Rental, Lease, and Purchase DAHLORY standard and custom designed Cuttings Washing Equipment is being used with excellent results in the Gulf of Mexico, off the coast of California - any area where contamination is a problem. Oil and Water Separators can be supplied if required to process the waste water from the Cuttings Washing Unit, the working floor and other hosed down areas. DAHLORY Hi-Angle Shaker, available in single or dual models, incorporates the following advantages and...
Screen Conductance and Flow Capacity
A screen that enables an extra-fine separation is useless in the drilling industry if it will not pass a high volume flow rate. The amount of fluid that a screen will process is dependent on the screen construction, as well as solids conveyance, solids loading, pool depth, deck motion and acceleration, drilling fluid properties, and screen blinding. Although it is difficult to calculate the expected fluid processing capacity of a shaker, screens can be ranked according to their ability to...
Gallons Peh Mim Ute 1
rmct tnuef tr Qm baitam h tiranlmi icato int mo up mtia to . rai-SB DC1 o Alud kV pnf nm wifft dfQQMl p. I T Ig icftn Tfif lartc KT fofrpol t fru wi la hon t mn 0 J Qflm Of tfi rtiiKtl i il iv r ,nutm Po n mpeionrvtlo rt w ittm lof MCft 1 mpc mlor Solids control resulting in a reduction in drilling costs is accomplished by the Brandt Silt Separator. The equipment combines a bank of four-inch hydrocy-elones with an ultra-firte-screen separator. The underflow of the desilter cones passes onto a...
The Evolution Of Solids Separation Devices
As mentioned previously, during the 1920s, the oil well drilling industry recognized the need to remove cuttings from the drilling fluid. The mining industry used stationary, vibrating screens for classifying larger pieces of ore from smaller pieces. These screens were adapted to separate cuttings from the drilling fluid in an evolutionary process, which has continued through time to yield the sophisticated solids control systems used today. The early machines were called screens not shakers,...
Rumba Shale Shakers
SUPER OUAL, MODEL 4860-SU-DU 1600 QPM CAPACITY An over-under tour-screen shale shaker lor large hole drilling ai very high pump volumes. Includes By-Pass Gate system to divert ftowlme discharge ol cement, gumbo, etc.. direct to waste chute. SPECIFICATIONS Max. Capacity. GPM. one side........................... 800 Total Max Capacity, GPM, bolh sides....................1600 Number 4 Hp ot Motors.............................. 2 3 HP Overall Dimensions .................13 lt r L x 7 3 VW x SS VH...
SHAKERS Hfn
American Association of Drilling Engineers Shale Shakers and Drilling Fluid Systems Copyright 1999 by Butterworth-Heinemann. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission of the publisher. Originally published by Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, TX. For information, please contact Manager of Special Sales Butterworth-Heinemann 225 Wildwood Avenue Woburn, MA 01801-2041 Tel 781-904-2500 Fax...