Ch
Example 2.6. One cm3 of mud filtrate is titrated using 0.0282 N AgN03. Nine cm3 of AgN03 solution are required to reach the endpoint of the titration as indicated by the potassium chromate indicator. Compute the concentration of Cl present expressed in milligrams of CI per liter. Also, assuming that only sodium chloride was present, compute the salinity of the filtrate in milligrams of NaCl per liter. Solution. The CI concentration is given by Magnesium ions form a wine-red complex with the dye...
D C 1
CASING 'If vir' CASING 'IK VlT CASING 4 tIL SPOOL JPT lt 1L SPOOL JPT SPOOL JR Fig. 1.48-Cutaway view of rotating blowout preventer. Fig. 1.47-Typical surface stack blowout preventer arrangements for 10,000- and 15,000-psi working pressure service. Fig. 1.48-Cutaway view of rotating blowout preventer. and an annular preventer above the ram preventers. In some cases, it may be desirable to conduct drilling operations with a slight surface pressure on the annulus. A rotating head, which seals...
Graduated Cylinder 1
Fig. 2.9 Schematic of API filter press. Fig. 2.10 Example filter press data. dVf di the filtration rate, cm3 s, k the permeability of the mudcake, darcies, A the area of the filter paper, cm2, Ap the pressure drop across the mudcake, atm, i the viscosity of the mud filtrate, cp, and hmc the thickness of the filter mud cake, cm. At any time, t, during the filtration process, the volume of solids in the mud that has been filtered is equal to the volume of solids deposited in the filter cake where...
[h
The change in OH concentration required to increase the pH from 7 to 10.5 is given by A OH OH 2 - OH ,. A OH lO lt 10-5- gt 4 -10 lt 7-14 gt 3.161 xlO4mol L . Since caustic has a molecular weight of 40, the weight of caustic required per liter of solution is given by 40 3.161 x 104 0.0126 g L . 2.1.5 The API Filter Press - Static Filtration. The filter press Fig. 2.9 is used to determine 1 the filtration rate through a standard filter paper and 2 the rate at which the mudcake thickness...
Single Ball Flex Joint Type Ii 1
Fig. 1.61 - Cutaway view of upper and lower marine riser equipment. handled on the drill vessel by air-driven hose reels. A direct hydraulic system can be used for water depths less than about 300 ft. The direct system is similar to the system used on land rigs and has individual power oil lines to each control. An indirect system must be used for deep water. The indirect system has one source of power oil to the subsea BOP stack. Accumulator bottles are mounted on the subsea stack to store an...
Hammer Down Position 1
Fig. 1.31 - Schematic of circulating system for air drilling. Fig. 1.32- Percussion tool used in air drilling. permeable zone. The water-producing zones can be plugged by use of 1 low-viscosity plastics or 2 silicon tetrafluoride gas. A catalyst injected with the plastic causes the plastic to begin to solidify when it contacts the hot formation. Silicon tetrafluoride gas reacts with the formation water and precipitates silica in the pore spaces of the rock. Best results are obtained when the...
Recommended Tour Treatment
Gel Strength lb 100 ft 10 sec 10 min. Solids Content by Vol. O calculated retort Liquid Content by Vol. Oil Water Alternate Alkalinity Filtrate P lt P,
Table Average Costs Of Drilling And Equipping Wells In The South Louisiana Area
rentals, well monitoring services, crew housing, routine maintenance of drilling equipment, drilling fluid treatment, rig supervision, etc. The depth of the well will govern the lithology that must be penetrated and, thus, the time required to complete the well. An excellent source of historical drilling-cost data presented by area and well depth is the annual joint association survey on drilling costs published by API. Shown in Table 1.7 are data for the south Louisiana area taken from the...
Preface
This book was written for use as a college textbook in a petroleum engineering curriculum. The material was organized to present engineering science fundamentals first, followed by example engineering applications involving these fundamentals. The level of engineering science gradually advances as one proceeds through the book. Chap. 1 is primarily descriptive material and intended as an introduction to drilling engineering. It is suitable for use as a text in a freshman- or sophomore-level...
Standpipe Centrifugal 1
Fig. 1.23-Schematic of example rig circulating system tor liquid drilling fluids. Fig. 1.23-Schematic of example rig circulating system tor liquid drilling fluids. Fig. 1.24-Example mud circulating pumps. b Single-acting triplex design. Fig. 1.25-Schematic of valve operation of single- and double-acting pumps.10 multiplying the pump factor by N, the number of cycles per unit time. In common field usage, the terms cycle and stroke often are used interchangeably to refer to one complete pump...
Overflow Opening
Fig. 1.28-Schematic of hydrocyclone. Fig. 1.28-Schematic of hydrocyclone. Fig. 1.29-Schematic of a decanting centrifuge. Fig. 1.29-Schematic of a decanting centrifuge. Fig. 1.31 - Schematic of circulating system for air drilling.
Table Example Triptime Computation For South China Sea Area 1
t'd - e2 303 2 -1 1.22 Multiplying the number of bits per 1,000 ft, N' ,, by the time per round trip yields trip time per 1,000 ft. t'd - e2 303 2 -1 1.22 Multiplying the number of bits per 1,000 ft, N' ,, by the time per round trip yields trip time per 1,000 ft. Example 1.8. Compute the trip time requirements for the South China Sea area between 8,000 and 9,000 ft. Use the conditions stated in Example 1.7. Solution. The average trip time can be estimated using Eq. 1.20 for a mean depth of...
a
Fig. 1.19-Example drawworks used in rotary drilling. Fig. 1.19-Example drawworks used in rotary drilling. Friction catheads shown in Fig. 1.20 turn continuously and can be used to assist in lifting or moving equipment on the rig floor. The number of turns of rope on the drum and the tension provided by the operator controls the force of the pull. A second type of cathead generally located between the drawworks housing and the friction cathead can be used to provide the torque needed to screw or...
Table Heating Value Of Various Fuels
Density Heating Value Ibm gal Btu lbm components, thus minimizing shock and vibration problems. Direct-drive rigs accomplish power transmission from the internal combustion engines using gears, chains, belts, and clutches rather than generators and motors. The initial cost of a direct-drive power system generally is considerably less than that of a comparable diesel-electric system. The development of hydraulic drives has improved greatly the performance of this type of power system. Hydraulic...
Install Bop Stack And Marine Riser 1
Fig. 1.63-Example subsea equipment installationprocedure. Fig. 1.64-Schematic of a pneumatic tensioning device. Fig. 1.64-Schematic of a pneumatic tensioning device. action of the piston and lubricate the packing. A block-and-tackle system allows the use of a shorter piston stroke. Pneumatic tensioning devices often are used on the marine riser, the various guide lines to the subsea wellhead, and on surface motion compensators for the drillstring. The main function of the drilling engineer is...
win
which indicates that the ideal mechanical advantage is equal to the number of lines strung between the crown block and traveling block. Eight lines are shown between the crown block and traveling block in Fig. 1.16. The use of 6, 8, 10, or 12 lines is common, depending on the loading condition. The input power Pi of the block and tackle is equal to the drawworks load Fj- times the velocity of the fast line, vf. The output power, or hook power, Ph is equal to the traveling block load W times the...
Table Example Rig Time Analysis For Tendered Rig 1
on static loading conditions of 2.0 is required. Determine the minimum number of lines between the crown block and traveling block that can be used. Answer 10. 1.6 A driller is pulling on a stuck drillstring. The derrick is capable of supporting a maximum equivalent derrick load of 500,000 lbf, the drilling line has a strength of 51,200 lbf, and the strength of the drillpipe in tension is 396,000 lbf. If eight lines are strung between the crown block and traveling block and safety factors of...
Table Example Calculation Of Derrick Leg Load
Load Source Total Load Leg A Leg B Leg C Leg D hook fast W n 4 l 4n W 4 W En 2 AEn W En 2 AEn TABLE 1.4- NOMINAL BREAKING STRENGTH OF 6 x 19 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE, BRIGHT UNCOATED OR DRAWN-GALVANIZED WIRE, INDEPENDENT WIRE-ROPE CORE IWRC 7 TABLE 1.4- NOMINAL BREAKING STRENGTH OF 6 x 19 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE, BRIGHT UNCOATED OR DRAWN-GALVANIZED WIRE, INDEPENDENT WIRE-ROPE CORE IWRC 7 Six strands having 19 wires per strand. Six strands having 19 wires per strand. diameter of wire rope....
Table Dimensions And Strength Of Api Seamless Internal Upset Drillpipe
6,850 11,040 13,250 16,560 4,580 5,640 -5,480 6,740 -6,730 8,290 - S-135 PSi 18,900 27,850 17,830 29,750 17,140 24,840 30,310 8,610 12,060 15,500 9,900 13,860 17,820 12,040 15,160 11,070 13,760 17,560 10,880 13,300
Table Average Displacements For Range Drill Pipe 1
the bottom of the hole to the surface if the pump factor is 0.1781 bbl cycle. Solution. For field units of feet and barrels, Eq. 1.13 becomes Using Table 1.5, the inner diameter of 5-in., 19.5 lbm ft drillpipe is 4.276 in. thus, the capacity of the drillpipe is and the capacity of the drill collars is 2.752 The number of pump cycles required to circulate new mud to the bit is given by 0.01776 7,000 0.00735 500 bbl Similarly, the annular capacity outside the drillpipe is given by and the annular...
Info 1
'Collapse, internal yield, and tensile strengths are minimum values with no safety factor. D, E, G, S-135 are standard steel grades used in drillpipe. Not API standard shown for information only. the rotary drive often is used. This greatly reduces shock loadings and prevents excessive torque if the drillstring becomes stuck. Excessive torque often will result in a twist-off i.e., a torsional failure due to a break in the subsurface drillstring. Power swivels or power subs installed just below...